;;; Copyright (C) 1990-1994 Computational Logic, Inc. All Rights
;;; Reserved. See the file LICENSE in this directory for the
;;; complete license agreement.
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;
;;; HIGH-LEVEL-SPEC.EVENTS
;;;
;;; Bishop C. Brock & Warren A. Hunt, Jr.
;;;
;;; This file contains the minimal set of events necessary to define the
;;; high-level specification for the FM9001, FM9001-INTERPRETER. The events
;;; are presented in a top-down fashion. A Common Lisp "wrapper" around the
;;; events allows this file to be loaded as-is into an Nqthm session. After
;;; loading this file, one is able to execute the instruction-interpreter
;;; model of the FM9001.
;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;; A reader macro for bit vectors.
(defun bit-vector-reader (stream subchar arg)
;; We "unread" the vector character, and reread to get a symbol. Otherwise
;; the number following the vector character might be read as a leading zero
;; integer.
(unread-char #\v stream)
(let ((symbol (read stream t nil t)))
;; Get rid of the vector character, reverse, and list for NQTHM.
`(LIST ,@(map 'list #'(lambda (x)
(if (equal x #\1)
't
(if (equal x #\0)
'f
(error "Non-binary digits in --> ~s."
symbol))))
(reverse (subseq (symbol-name symbol) 1))))))
(eval-when (load eval)
(set-dispatch-macro-character #\# #\v #'bit-vector-reader))
#.`(PROGN ,@(reverse '(
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;;
;;; The FM9001 instruction interpreter.
;;;
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;; FM9001-INTERPRETER -- Simulates N instructions with any 4-bit PC.
(defn FM9001-interpreter (state pc-reg n)
(if (zerop n)
state
(FM9001-interpreter (FM9001-step state pc-reg) pc-reg (sub1 n))))
;;; FM9001 -- Simulates N instructions, using register 15 as the PC.
(defn FM9001 (state n)
(if (zerop n)
state
(FM9001 (FM9001-step state (nat-to-v 15 (reg-size))) (sub1 n))))
;;; FM9001-STEP -- Unpacks the state.
(defn FM9001-step (state pc-reg)
(let ((p-state (car state))
(mem (cadr state)))
(FM9001-fetch (regs p-state) (flags p-state) mem pc-reg)))
(defn regs (state) (nth 0 state))
(defn flags (state) (nth 1 state))
;;; FM9001-FETCH -- Fetches the instruction and increments the PC.
(defn FM9001-FETCH (regs flags mem pc-reg)
(let ((pc (read-mem pc-reg regs)))
(let ((ins (read-mem pc mem)))
(let ((pc+1 (v-inc pc)))
(let ((new-regs (write-mem pc-reg regs pc+1)))
(FM9001-operand-a new-regs flags mem ins))))))
;;; FM9001-OPERAND-A -- Readies the A operand, and side-effects the operand A
;;; register.
(defn fm9001-operand-a (regs flags mem ins)
(let ((a-immediate-p (a-immediate-p ins))
(a-immediate (sign-extend (a-immediate ins) 32))
(mode-a (mode-a ins))
(rn-a (rn-a ins)))
(let ((reg (read-mem rn-a regs)))
(let ((reg- (v-dec reg))
(reg+ (v-inc reg)))
(let ((operand-a (if a-immediate-p
a-immediate
(if (reg-direct-p mode-a)
reg
(if (pre-dec-p mode-a)
(read-mem reg- mem)
(read-mem reg mem))))))
(let ((new-regs (if a-immediate-p
regs
(if (pre-dec-p mode-a)
(write-mem rn-a regs reg-)
(if (post-inc-p mode-a)
(write-mem rn-a regs reg+)
regs)))))
(FM9001-operand-b new-regs flags mem ins operand-a)))))))
;;; FM9001-OPERAND-B -- Readies the B operand, and side-effects the operand B
;;; register. The B-ADDRESS is held for the final stage.
(defn fm9001-operand-b (regs flags mem ins operand-a)
(let ((mode-b (mode-b ins))
(rn-b (rn-b ins)))
(let ((reg (read-mem rn-b regs)))
(let ((reg- (v-dec reg))
(reg+ (v-inc reg)))
(let ((b-address (if (pre-dec-p mode-b)
reg-
reg)))
(let ((operand-b (if (reg-direct-p mode-b)
reg
(read-mem b-address mem)))
(new-regs (if (pre-dec-p mode-b)
(write-mem rn-b regs reg-)
(if (post-inc-p mode-b)
(write-mem rn-b regs reg+)
regs))))
(FM9001-alu-operation new-regs flags mem ins operand-a operand-b
b-address)))))))
;;; FM9001-ALU-OPERATION -- Computes, and conditionally stores the result.
(defn fm9001-alu-operation (regs flags mem ins operand-a operand-b b-address)
(let ((op-code (op-code ins))
(store-cc (store-cc ins))
(set-flags (set-flags ins))
(mode-b (mode-b ins))
(rn-b (rn-b ins)))
(let ((cvzbv (v-alu (c-flag flags) operand-a operand-b op-code))
(storep (store-resultp store-cc flags)))
(let ((bv (bv cvzbv)))
(let ((new-regs (if (and storep (reg-direct-p mode-b))
(write-mem rn-b regs bv)
regs))
(new-flags (update-flags flags set-flags cvzbv))
(new-mem (if (and storep (not (reg-direct-p mode-b)))
(write-mem b-address mem bv)
mem)))
(list (list new-regs new-flags) new-mem))))))
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;;
;;; Condition Codes
;;;
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;; Interpretation of STORE-CC
(defn store-resultp (store-cc flags)
(let ((c (c-flag flags))
(v (v-flag flags))
(n (n-flag flags))
(z (z-flag flags)))
(let ((c~ (not c))
(v~ (not v))
(n~ (not n))
(z~ (not z)))
(cond ((equal store-cc #v0000) c~)
((equal store-cc #v0001) c)
((equal store-cc #v0010) v~)
((equal store-cc #v0011) v)
((equal store-cc #v0100) n~)
((equal store-cc #v0101) n)
((equal store-cc #v0110) z~)
((equal store-cc #v0111) z)
((equal store-cc #v1000) (and c~ z~))
((equal store-cc #v1001) (or c z))
((equal store-cc #v1010) (or (and n v) (and n~ v~)))
((equal store-cc #v1011) (or (and n v~) (and n~ v)))
((equal store-cc #v1100) (or (and n v z~) (and n~ v~ z~)))
((equal store-cc #v1101) (or z (and n v~) (and n~ v)))
((equal store-cc #v1110) t)
(t f)))))
;; UPDATE-FLAGS set-flags cvzbv
(defn update-flags (flags set-flags cvzbv)
(list (b-if (z-set set-flags) (zb cvzbv) (z-flag flags))
(b-if (n-set set-flags) (n cvzbv) (n-flag flags))
(b-if (v-set set-flags) (v cvzbv) (v-flag flags))
(b-if (c-set set-flags) (c cvzbv) (c-flag flags))))
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;;
;;; Instruction Word Decoding
;;;
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;; Instruction Fields
(defn reg-size () 4)
(defn a-immediate (instruction) (subrange instruction 0 8))
(defn rn-a (instruction) (subrange instruction 0 3))
(defn mode-a (instruction) (subrange instruction 4 5))
(defn a-immediate-p (instruction) (nth 9 instruction))
(defn rn-b (instruction) (subrange instruction 10 13))
(defn mode-b (instruction) (subrange instruction 14 15))
(defn set-flags (instruction) (subrange instruction 16 19))
(defn store-cc (instruction) (subrange instruction 20 23))
(defn op-code (instruction) (subrange instruction 24 27))
;;; SET-FLAGS fields
(defn z-set (set-flags) (nth 0 set-flags))
(defn n-set (set-flags) (nth 1 set-flags))
(defn v-set (set-flags) (nth 2 set-flags))
(defn c-set (set-flags) (nth 3 set-flags))
;;; Flags fields
(defn z-flag (flags) (nth 0 flags))
(defn n-flag (flags) (nth 1 flags))
(defn v-flag (flags) (nth 2 flags))
(defn c-flag (flags) (nth 3 flags))
;; Register Modes.
(defn reg-direct-p (mode) (equal mode #v00))
(defn reg-indirect-p (mode) (equal mode #v01))
(defn pre-dec-p (mode) (equal mode #v10))
(defn post-inc-p (mode) (equal mode #v11))
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;;
;;; Memory Model
;;;
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;; READ-MEM v-addr mem
(defn read-mem (v-addr mem)
(read-mem1 (reverse v-addr) mem))
(defn read-mem1 (v-addr mem)
(if (stubp mem)
(stub-guts mem)
(if (nlistp v-addr)
(cond ((ramp mem) (ram-guts mem))
((romp mem) (rom-guts mem))
(t 0))
(if (nlistp mem)
0
(if (car v-addr)
(read-mem1 (cdr v-addr) (cdr mem))
(read-mem1 (cdr v-addr) (car mem)))))))
;;; WRITE-MEM v-addr mem
(defn write-mem (v-addr mem value)
(write-mem1 (reverse v-addr) mem value))
(defn write-mem1 (v-addr mem value)
(if (stubp mem)
mem
(if (nlistp v-addr)
(cond ((ramp mem) (ram value))
(t mem))
(if (nlistp mem)
mem
(if (car v-addr)
(cons (car mem)
(write-mem1 (cdr v-addr) (cdr mem) value))
(cons (write-mem1 (cdr v-addr) (car mem) value)
(cdr mem)))))))
;;; Memory elements
(add-shell rom () romp
((rom-guts (none-of) zero)))
(add-shell ram () ramp
((ram-guts (none-of) zero)))
(add-shell stub () stubp
((stub-guts (none-of) zero)))
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;;
;;; High-Level ALU Specification
;;;
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;; The programmers view of the ALU.
(defn v-alu (c a b op)
(cond ((equal op #v0000) (cvzbv f f (v-buf a)))
((equal op #v0001) (cvzbv-inc a))
((equal op #v0010) (cvzbv-v-adder c a b))
((equal op #v0011) (cvzbv-v-adder f a b))
((equal op #v0100) (cvzbv-neg a))
((equal op #v0101) (cvzbv-dec a))
((equal op #v0110) (cvzbv-v-subtracter c a b))
((equal op #v0111) (cvzbv-v-subtracter f a b))
((equal op #v1000) (cvzbv-v-ror c a))
((equal op #v1001) (cvzbv-v-asr a))
((equal op #v1010) (cvzbv-v-lsr a))
((equal op #v1011) (cvzbv f f (v-xor a b)))
((equal op #v1100) (cvzbv f f (v-or a b)))
((equal op #v1101) (cvzbv f f (v-and a b)))
((equal op #v1110) (cvzbv-v-not a))
(t (cvzbv f f (v-buf a)))))
;;; Specification abbreviations for V-ALU.
(defn cvzbv-inc (a)
(cvzbv-v-adder t a (nat-to-v 0 (length a))))
(defn cvzbv-neg (a)
(cvzbv-v-subtracter f a (nat-to-v 0 (length a))))
(defn cvzbv-dec (a)
(cvzbv-v-subtracter t (nat-to-v 0 (length a)) a))
(defn cvzbv-v-adder (c a b)
(cvzbv (v-adder-carry-out c a b)
(v-adder-overflowp c a b)
(v-adder-output c a b)))
(defn cvzbv-v-subtracter (c a b)
(cvzbv (v-subtracter-carry-out c a b)
(v-subtracter-overflowp c a b)
(v-subtracter-output c a b)))
(defn cvzbv-v-not (a)
(cvzbv f f (v-not a)))
(defn cvzbv-v-ror (c a)
(cvzbv (if (nlistp a) c (nth 0 a)) f (v-ror a c)))
(defn cvzbv-v-asr (a)
(cvzbv (if (listp a) (nth 0 a) f) f (v-asr a)))
(defn cvzbv-v-lsr (a)
(cvzbv (if (listp a) (nth 0 a) f) f (v-lsr a)))
;;; The constructor CVZBV
(defn cvzbv (carry overflow vector)
(cons carry (cons overflow (cons (v-zerop vector) vector))))
(defn c (cvzbv) (car cvzbv))
(defn v (cvzbv) (cadr cvzbv))
(defn n (cvzbv) (v-negp (bv cvzbv)))
(defn bv (cvzbv) (cdddr cvzbv))
(defn zb (cvzbv) (caddr cvzbv))
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;;
;;; Low Level ALU Specification
;;;
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;; Flag Functions
(defn v-zerop (x)
(not (v-nzerop x)))
(defn v-nzerop (x)
(if (nlistp x)
f
(or (car x)
(v-nzerop (cdr x)))))
(defn v-negp (x)
(if (nlistp x)
f
(if (nlistp (cdr x))
(car x)
(v-negp (cdr x)))))
;;; Addition and Subtraction
(defn v-dec (x)
(v-subtracter-output t (nat-to-v 0 (length x)) x))
(defn v-subtracter-output (c a b)
(v-adder-output (b-not c) (v-not a) b))
(defn v-subtracter-carry-out (c a b)
(b-not (v-adder-carry-out (b-not c) (v-not a) b)))
(defn v-subtracter-overflowp (c a b)
(v-adder-overflowp (b-not c) (v-not a) b))
(defn v-inc (x)
(v-adder-output t x (nat-to-v 0 (length x))))
(defn v-adder-overflowp (c a b)
(b-and (b-equv (nth (sub1 (length a)) a)
(nth (sub1 (length b)) b))
(b-xor (nth (sub1 (length a)) a)
(nth (sub1 (length a)) (v-adder-output c a b)))))
(defn v-adder-carry-out (c a b)
(nth (length a) (v-adder c a b)))
(defn v-adder-output (c a b)
(firstn (length a) (v-adder c a b)))
(defn v-adder (c a b)
(if (nlistp a)
(cons (boolfix c) nil)
(cons (b-xor3 c (car a) (car b))
(v-adder (b-or (b-and (car a) (car b))
(b-or (b-and (car a) c)
(b-and (car b) c)))
(cdr a)
(cdr b)))))
;;; Logical Functions
(defn v-not (x)
(if (nlistp x)
nil
(cons (b-not (car x))
(v-not (cdr x)))))
(defn v-and (x y)
(if (nlistp x)
nil
(cons (b-and (car x) (car y))
(v-and (cdr x) (cdr y)))))
(defn v-or (x y)
(if (nlistp x)
nil
(cons (b-or (car x) (car y))
(v-or (cdr x) (cdr y)))))
(defn v-xor (x y)
(if (nlistp x)
nil
(cons (b-xor (car x) (car y))
(v-xor (cdr x) (cdr y)))))
(defn v-lsr (a)
(v-shift-right a f))
(defn v-ror (a si)
(v-shift-right a si))
(defn v-asr (a)
(v-shift-right a (nth (sub1 (length a)) a)))
(defn v-shift-right (a si)
(if (nlistp a)
nil
(append (v-buf (cdr a))
(cons (boolfix si) nil))))
(defn v-buf (x)
(if (nlistp x)
nil
(cons (b-buf (car x))
(v-buf (cdr x)))))
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;;
;;; List Operations and Misc.
;;;
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
(defn properp (l)
(if (listp l)
(properp (cdr l))
(equal l nil)))
(defn nat-to-v (x n)
(if (zerop n)
nil
(cons (not (zerop (remainder x 2)))
(nat-to-v (quotient x 2) (sub1 n)))))
(defn sign-extend (v n)
(if (zerop n)
nil
(if (nlistp v)
(make-list n f)
(if (nlistp (cdr v))
(cons (boolfix (car v)) (make-list (sub1 n) (boolfix (car v))))
(cons (boolfix (car v)) (sign-extend (cdr v) (sub1 n)))))))
(defn firstn (n l)
(if (listp l)
(if (zerop n)
nil
(cons (car l) (firstn (sub1 n) (cdr l))))
nil))
(defn restn (n l)
(if (listp l)
(if (zerop n)
l
(restn (sub1 n) (cdr l)))
l))
(defn nth (n list)
(if (zerop n)
(car list)
(nth (sub1 n) (cdr list))))
(defn length (l)
(if (listp l)
(add1 (length (cdr l)))
0))
(defn make-list (n value)
(if (zerop n)
nil
(cons value (make-list (sub1 n) value))))
(defn subrange (l n m)
(if (lessp m n)
nil
(if (zerop n)
(if (zerop m)
(list (car l))
(cons (car l) (subrange (cdr l) 0 (sub1 m))))
(subrange (cdr l) (sub1 n) (sub1 m)))))
(defn reverse (x)
(rev1 x nil))
(defn rev1 (x sponge)
(if (nlistp x)
sponge
(rev1 (cdr x) (cons (car x) sponge))))
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;;
;;; Boolean Logic
;;;
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
(defn boolfix (x)
(if x t f))
(defn b-buf (x) (if x t f))
(defn b-not (x) (not x))
(defn b-nand (a b) (not (and a b)))
(defn b-or (a b) (or a b))
(defn b-xor3 (a b c) (b-xor (b-xor a b) c))
(defn b-xor (x y) (if x (if y f t) (if y t f)))
(defn b-equv (x y) (if x (if y t f) (if y f t)))
(defn b-and (a b) (and a b))
(defn b-nor (a b) (not (or a b)))
(defn b-if (c a b) (if c (if a t f) (if b t f)))
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
;;;
;;; Nqthm Built-ins
;;;
;;;++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
#|
(defn append (x y)
(if (listp x)
(cons (car x) (append (cdr x) y))
y))
(defn remainder (i j)
(if (zerop j)
(fix i)
(if (lessp i j)
(fix i)
(remainder (difference i j) j))))
(defn quotient (i j)
(if (zerop j)
0
(if (lessp i j)
0
(add1 (quotient (difference i j) j)))))
(defn difference (i j)
(if (zerop i)
0
(if (zerop j)
i
(difference (sub1 i) (sub1 j)))))
(defn zerop (x)
(if (equal x 0)
t
(if (numberp x) f t)))
(defn lessp (x y)
(if (or (equal y 0) (not (numberp y)))
(false)
(if (or (equal x 0) (not (numberp x)))
(true)
(lessp (sub1 x) (sub1 y)))))
|#
;;; closing #. above
)))
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